Year2023

LiteBIRD : A New Frontier in the Search of Cosmic Inflation Imprint

The newly selected LiteBIRD satellite aims to detect cosmic inflation signals by identifying the imprint of primordial gravitational waves in the Cosmic Microwave Background polarization.

Astrophysics, cosmology, and geophysics

What Determines Non-Newtonian Flow Behavior in Glass-Forming Liquids?

Even minute structural changes can lead to significant reductions in the flow resistances of glass-forming liquids. Here, possible scenarios and predictions for two different classes of glass-forming liquids are provided.

Cross-disciplinary physics and related areas of science and technology

Structure and mechanical and thermal properties in condensed matter

Clockwise or Anticlockwise, That is the Question: Phonons with Angular Momentum in Chiral Crystals

Chiral crystals have lattice structures with no mirror or inversion symmetries.
A few basic questions about their unique phonon excitations with intrinsic angular momentum are answered.

Structure and mechanical and thermal properties in condensed matter

Non-Trivial Superconductivity in the Semimetal EuAuBi

　Magnetic order and superconductivity coexist in a noncentrosymmetric topological semimetal, EuAuBi. EuAuBi exhibits a large, anisotropic critical field with Rashba spin–orbit coupling, which can help develop superconducting spintronic materials.

Superconductivity

Magnetic properties in condensed matter

Hidden Magnetoelectric Phase Transition by Emergent Staggered Magnetic Field

Emergent staggered magnetic fields induce phase transition in the multiferroic material Ba₂FeSi₂O₇.
This study established a design principle utilizing emergent staggered magnetic fields to obtain an enhanced physical response.

Magnetic properties in condensed matter

Angle-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy Microscopy: A Tool to Accelerate Nanomaterials Research

Researchers have published a practical guide on new uses of photoelectron microscopy combined with valence band dispersion analysis. They visualized several-micrometers-wide graphite facets and precisely characterized the band structure.

Electronic structure and electrical properties of surfaces and nanostructures

Structure and mechanical and thermal properties in condensed matter

Cross-disciplinary physics and related areas of science and technology

Powered by Machine Learning: Obtaining Spectral Conductivity and Chemical Potential of Thermoelectric Materials from Experimental Data

We propose a machine-learning method to obtain the fundamental physical quantity, namely, the spectral conductivity, from experimental data of thermoelectric coefficients. Our study introduces a new data-driven approach that reveals the underlying low-energy electronic states of high-performance thermoelectric materials.

Structure and mechanical and thermal properties in condensed matter

Net-Pattern of Muskmelon Rind Favors a Common Mathematical Law

The surface of muskmelon is covered with a fine mesh-like net-pattern. The geometric features of the fine mesh appear unique for each individual, but hide an unexpected mathematical rule.

Cross-disciplinary physics and related areas of science and technology

Statistical physics and thermodynamics

Thickness-Dependent Oscillation Behavior of Magnetic Phase Transitions in Pt Ultrathin Films with Small Orbital Moment

Ferromagnetism in nano-Pt films originates from the quantum-confinement effect that depends on film thickness. Studies of the electronic states of nano-Pt will aid in developing methods for efficiently utilizing its large spin-orbit coupling.

Magnetic properties in condensed matter