JournalPTEP

Open String Field Theory Beyond Feynman Diagrams

Theoretical physicists propose an alternative way of performing perturbative calculations in an open string field theory that has no analogy in the standard quantum field theory formalism.

Elementary particles, fields, and strings

Theoretical Particle Physics

New Phases of Matter: Topological Physics in the 21^st Century

Researchers from Japan highlight in an editorial our current understanding of topological phases of matter, focusing on the classification of the newly discovered symmetry protected topological phases.

Theoretical Particle Physics

Fundamental Theory of Condensed Matter Physics, Statistical Mechanics, Fluid Dynamics,

Superconductivity

Calculating Impedances for a Particle Accelerator

In a new study, scientists provide a more comprehensive picture of dealing with the impedances of a two-dimensional conductive cylindrical beam pipe with walls of finite thickness and space-charge forces simultaneously.

Beam Physics

Testing the Viability of Muon Accelerators

Researchers demonstrate the viability of a radio-frequency linear accelerator to accelerate stopped muons to the speed of light.

Experimental Particle Physics

Simulating Strongly Coupled Quantum Field Theory with Quantum Algorithms

Nonperturbative quantum field theory problems can often be difficult to solve with classical algorithms. Researchers now develop quantum computing algorithms to understand such problems in the Hamiltonian formalism.

Theoretical Particle Physics

Getting Around the Sign Problem to Solve an Open Quantum System

Researchers from Japan have found a novel non-equilibrium quantum system that doesn’t have the sign problem. The transport properties of the system are simulated with a Monte Carlo approach.

Elementary particles, fields, and strings

Theoretical Particle Physics

Quantum Anomaly in a Dirac Fermion System with Spacetime Dependent Mass

Scientists investigate quantum anomalies in a system of Dirac fermions with spacetime dependent mass and show that the anomaly formulas can be expressed in terms of superconnections.

Theoretical Particle Physics

Elementary particles, fields, and strings

Calculating Superconformal Index of 𝓝 = 4 Super-Yang-Mills Theory for Finite N

The examination of AdS/CFT correspondence for finite N, where quantum gravitational effects become important, reveals that finite N corrections for the superconformal index can be reproduced as D-3 brane contributions.

Theoretical Particle Physics

New Classification Theory for Topological Gapless Superconducting Nodes

A new classification theory on topological superconducting gap nodes predicts two new gap structures emerging from a nonsymmorphic crystal symmetry and angular momentum.

Superconductivity

Understanding Phase Transitions in Supersymmetric Quantum Electrodynamics With Resurgence Theory

Using resurgence theory to describe phase transitions in quantum field theory shows that information on non-perturbative effects like phase transitions can be obtained from a perturbative series expansion.

Theoretical Particle Physics

A New Look at Our Universe with Gravitational Wave Astronomy

A new interdisciplinary collaborative project underscores the importance of combining theory with advanced observation techniques to understand gravitational waves and their sources, opening doors to new discoveries about the universe.

Astrophysics, cosmology, and geophysics

Estimating Beta Decay Rates Better for Exotic Nuclei

Physicists from Japan demonstrate an improved estimation of the beta decay rate in heavy nuclei by considering next-to-leading-order approximation for the electron wave function distorted by the Coulomb potential.

Nuclear physics

Designing a New Space-borne Interferometer to Probe the History of Our Universe

Scientists present a new design for a space-born laser interferometer that could detect gravitational waves below 10 Hz, letting us probe into new astrophysical phenomena.

Astrophysics, cosmology, and geophysics

Generalizing Poisson Algebra with Geometry

Using a differential geometric interpretation of Hamiltonian mechanics, a generalized Poisson bracket formulation is developed for a three-dimensional phase space characterized by a triplet of canonical variables.

Mathematical methods, classical and quantum physics, relativity, gravitation, numerical simulation, computational modeling

Atoms Trapped with Light Behave Like a Dissipative Quantum System

A team of researchers from Japan experimentally realize, for the first time, a dissipative, parity-time symmetric, many-body quantum system from ultracold atoms trapped in an optical lattice.

Mathematical methods, classical and quantum physics, relativity, gravitation, numerical simulation, computational modeling

Gases, plasmas, electric discharges, and beams

Non-real Energies with Real Effects in Exotic Condensed Matter Systems

Scientists demonstrate the presence of non-Hermitian topological properties preserved under continuous physical deformations in strongly correlated systems in equilibrium, resulting from short-lived quanta of collective excitations.

Electron states in condensed matter

A Quantum Description of Physical Systems with Non-real Energies

While quantum systems are traditionally described by Hermitian Hamiltonians, the formalism is extendable to a non-Hermitian description for systems that are dissipative or obey parity-time symmetry.

Mathematical methods, classical and quantum physics, relativity, gravitation, numerical simulation, computational modeling

Nuclear physics

Electron states in condensed matter

Gases, plasmas, electric discharges, and beams

Using Pulsed Cold Neutrons to Measure Neutron Lifetime

Scientists measure the lifetime of a neutron with pulsed neutron beams to explore the cause of a puzzling discrepancy in their previously measured lifetime.

Elementary particles, fields, and strings

Simulating Equilibrium Behavior of Quantum Fields with Time-evolving Classical Fields

A set of field configurations (replicas) reaches equilibrium of quantum field theory after real-time evolution obeying classical equations of motion.

Elementary particles, fields, and strings

A New Approach to Solving Periodic Differential Systems

Mathematicians and physicists are well acquainted with second-order ordinary differential equations (ODE), the most prominent of them being the class of equations that govern oscillatory motion.

Mathematical methods, classical and quantum physics, relativity, gravitation, numerical simulation, computational modeling

Antimatter Matters: Making Sense of the Matter–Antimatter Asymmetry at Japan’s Belle-II Facility

Scientists embark on a quest to unravel the mysteries behind matter–antimatter asymmetry in our universe with the new Belle-II experiment at the SuperKEKB accelerator in Japan.

Elementary particles, fields, and strings

The Thin Edge of Entanglement Wedges and Progress in Quantum Gravity

Scientists for the first time theoretically link quantum states and gravity, taking one step further in understanding the origins of gravity and opening doors to novel quantum applications.

Elementary particles, fields, and strings

New Findings Hint Towards Existence of Kaonic Nuclei and Hyper-nuclei

Scientists reveal a new feature in nuclear physics: the existence of kaonic nuclei and hyper-nuclei. These findings can enhance our understanding of nature and contribute to technological progress.

Nuclear physics

What Happened to Antimatter?

The Belle-II experiment is designed to explore new mechanisms of matter-antimatter asymmetry that may resolve the mystery behind the dominance of matter over anti-matter in the universe.

Elementary particles, fields, and strings