This Special Topics edition of JPSJ details the capabilities and upgrades made to the instruments at JRR-3, since its shutdown after the Great East Japan Earthquake and 2011.

Newly developed neutron holography was applied to ferroelectric BaTiO₃ to evaluate oxygen displacement, providing important structural information for improving the ability of dielectric materials to store electricity.

Strongly interacting quantum many-body states can be mapped to noninteracting quantum states, enabling a new quantum neural network called the Fermi machine to solve strongly correlated electron problems.

A novel convolutional neural network predicts phase transition temperatures from spin configurations without prior information about order parameters, paving the way for the discovery of new materials in condensed matter physics.

This Special Topics Edition of the JPSJ describes the latest advances in the field of biofluid locomotion, shedding light on the underlying physics behind the movement of organisms that swim and fly.

A groundbreaking study reveals a new time-local fluctuation theorem using machine learning, revolutionizing our understanding of deterministic nonequilibrium steady state systems.

The Journal of the Physical Society of Japan highlights in this special topic recent advances in modern physics that have been realized with the generation of pulsed high magnetic fields.

A gamma-ray telescope developed jointly by universities in Japan promises an unprecedented imaging resolution that could help distinguish gamma-ray sources observed in our galaxy.

Hiraoka et al. developed an opposed anvil-type pressure cell for magnetization measurements which combines a large sample space and is capable of generating higher pressures up to 6.3 GPa.

Improved device and method to measure magnetization under high pressure was developed, which brings a quick tool to screen phases of interest in weakly magnetic materials including quantum magnets.

In quantum liquids, large differences are observed owing to differences in quantum statistics. The physical properties of liquid ³He (Fermion) and ⁴He (Boson) are considerably different at low temperatures. After the discovery of superconductivity in electron (i.e., Fermion) systems, a similar pairing ordered state was expected for ³He. Remarkably, the observed ordered state of ³He was more surprising than expected, multiple superfluid phases in the T–P phase diagram. The origin of the multiple phases was attributed to ferromagnetic interactions in the p-wave symmetry state.